Real exchange rates

Similar financial terms

Real option
An option involving real (as opposed to financial) assets where. Real assets include land. plant, and machinery.

After-tax real rate of return
Money after-tax rate of return minus the inflation rate.

REMIC (real estate mortgage investment conduit)
A pass-through tax entity that can hold mortgages secured by any type of real property and issue multiple classes of ownership interests to investors in the form of pass-through certificates, bonds, or other legal forms. A financing vehicle created under the Tax Reform Act of 1986.

REIT (real estate investment trust)
Real estate investment trust, which is similar to a closed-end mutual fund. REITs invest in real estate or loans secured by real estate and issue shares in such investments.

Realized return
The return that is actually earned over a given time period.

Realized compound yield
Yield assuming that coupon payments are invested at the going market interest rate at the time of their receipt and rolled over until the bond matures.

Real time
A real time stock or bond quote is one that states a security's most recent offer to sell or bid (buy). A delayed quote shows the same bid and ask prices 15 minutes and sometimes 20 minutes after a trade takes place.

Real market
The bid and offer prices at which a dealer could do "size." Quotes in the brokers market may reflect not the real market, but pictures painted by dealers playing trading games.

Real interest rate
The rate of interest excluding the effect of inflation; that is, the rate that is earned in terms of constant-purchasing-power dollars. Interest rate expressed in terms of real goods, i.e. nominal interest rate adjusted for inflation.

Real cash flow
A cash flow is expressed in real terms if the current, or date 0, purchasing power of the cash flow is given.

Real capital
Wealth that can be represented in financial terms, such as savings account balances, financial securities, and real estate.

Real assets
Identifiable assets, such as buildings, equipment, patents, and trademarks, as distinguished from a financial obligation.

Foreign Investor in Real Property Tax Act of 1980
Under FIRPTA (Foreign Investor in Real Property Tax Act of 1980), and the Economic Recovery Act of 1981, unless an exemption is granted by the IRS, upon the sale of real property owned by offshore (foreign) persons, the agency, attorney or escrow officer handling the transaction is required to withhold capital gains taxes at the closing of the sale transaction. Unless withheld and submitted to the IRS, the party handling the sale transaction is personally liable for the taxes.

Montreal Stock Exchange (MSE)
One of the four major stock exchanges in Canada.

Exchangeable bond
An issue giving the bondholder the right to exchange the issue for a specified number of common stock shares of a corporation different from the issuer of the bond.

Exchange-rate risk on bonds
A non-domestic-currency nominated bond has unknown domestic currency cash flows. The domestic currency cash flows are dependent on the exchange rate at the time the payments are received. For example, suppose that a German investor purchases a bond whose payments are in British pounds (GBP). If pounds depreciate relative to euros (EUR), fewer euros will be received and vice versa. This risk is also referred to currency risk.

Indirect exchange rate
The required amount of foreign currency required to purchase on unit of domestic currency.

Oslo Stock Exchange
In the early 1800s, Norway was a country of farmers and fishermen. Christiania, as the capital city was then called, had just 10,000 citizens. The Norwegian economy was weak, and money was scarce. This had a crushing effect on business and industry, and it was decided that the country needed a commercial exchange to encourage greater commercial activity.

The merchant Nicolay Andresen is generally recognised as the "father" of the Oslo stock exchange. He made the first proposal for a com ...

American Stock Exchange (AMEX)
The second-largest stock exchange in the United States. It trades mostly in small-to medium-sized companies.

Stock exchanges
In the US, a stock exchange is a formal organization, approved and regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The SEC are made up of members that use the facilities to exchange certain common stocks. The two major US stock exchanges are the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the American Stock Exchange (ASE or AMEX). Five regional stock exchanges include the Midwest, Pacific, Philadelphia, Boston, and Cincinnati. The Arizona stock exchange is an after hours electronic marketpla ...

Spot exchange rates
Exchange rate on currency for immediate delivery.

Philadelphia Stock Exchange (PHLX)
A securities exchange where American and European foreign currency options on spot exchange rates are traded.

Organized exchange
A securities marketplace wherein purchasers and sellers regularly gather to trade securities according to the formal rules adopted by the exchange.

Nominal exchange rate
The actual foreign exchange quotation in contrast to the real exchange rate that has been adjusted for changes in purchasing power.

New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
Also known as the Big Board or The Exhange. More than 2,000 common and preferred stocks are traded. The exchange is the older in the United States, founded in 1792, and the largest. It is lcoated on Wall Street in New York City

Membership or a seat on the exchange
A limited number of exchange positions that enable the holder to trade for the holder's own accounts and charge clients for the execution of trades for their accounts.

London International Financial Futures Exchange
London International Financial Futures Exchange (LIFFE) is a London exchange where Eurodollar futures as well as futures-style options are traded.

Vancouver Stock Exchange (VSE)
The Vancouver Stock exchange (VSE) was one of Canada's junior company stock exchanges. On March 15, 1999, the VSE and the ASE (Alberta Stock Exchange) agreed to merge and form the CDNX - the Canadian Venture Exchange - which will also take on some junior Toronto and Montreal Exchange companies. The VSE got a bad reputation in the 80's due to many unscrupulous scam artists manipulating VSE listed companies. New regulatory controls and surveillance systems which had been implemented on the VSE wer ...

Junior Stock Exchange
A stock exchange which lists mainly small, emerging companies with low market capitalizations (e.g. under $100million or even under $10 million).

Canadian Venture Exchange (CDNX)
The Canadian Venture Exchange (CDNX) was formed in late 1999 through the merging of the junior exchanges in Canada, i.e. the Vancouver Stock Exchange, the Alberta Stock Exchange, and various "parts" of the other, more senior exchanges (the Toronto Stock Exchange and the Montreal Stock Exchange) as well as the CDN, Canadian Dealing Network (which really isn't a stock exchange but is more like the OTC-BB in the USA, i.e. a market for "unlisted" stocks). The vision for the CDNX was to be the exchan ...

Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE)
Incorporated in 1965 as Kuala Lumpur's stock exchange (although share-trading activity dated from the 1930s).

Bill of exchange
General term for a document demanding payment.

Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE)
A securities exchange created in the early 1970s for the public trading of standardized option contracts.

Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME)
A not-for-profit corporation owned by its members. Its primary functions are to provide a location for trading futures and options, collect and disseminate market information, maintain a clearing mechanism and enforce trading rules.

Commodities Exchange Center (CEC)
The location of five New York futures exchanges: Commodity Exchange, Inc. (COMEX), the New York Mercantile exchange (NYMEX), the New York Cotton Exchange, the Coffee, Sugar and Cocoa exchange (CSC), and the New York futures exchange (NYFE).

Convertible exchangeable preferred stock
Convertible preferred stock that may be exchanged, at the issuer's option, into convertible bonds that have the same conversion features as the convertible preferred stock.

Exchange rate overshooting
A phenomenon whereby the exchange rate changes by more in the short run than it does in the long run when the money supply changes.

Unsterilized foreign exchange intervention
A unsterilized foreign exchange intervention is an intervention in which a central bank allows the purchase or sale of domestic currency to affect the monetary base.

Madrid Stock Exchange (Bolsa de Madrid)
The largest of Spain's four stock exchange.

Fisher equation of exchange
Fisher's equation of exchange states MV = PT. M is the money supply; V is the velocity of circulation; P is average prices and T is the number of transactions. This equation is in fact an identity as it will always be true. At its simplest level you could imagine an economy that has a money supply of £5. If this £5 is on average used 20 times in a year, it will have generated £100 of spending. In the Fisher equation above M would be equal to £5, V equal to 20 and PT would be £100. This £100 coul ...

Forward exchange rate
The forward exchange rate is a rate for buying foreign exchange at a fixed point in the future. Taking out a forward contract for foreign exchange means that you are agreeing to buy foreign exchange at an agreed rate in the future. The existence of the forward market leads to a considerable amount of speculation.

Fixed exchange rates
A fixed exchange rate system is one where the value of the currency against other currencies remains exactly the same. A fixed exchange rate doesn't stay fixed on its own. Governments have to hold large stocks of foreign exchange, so that they can actively intervene to hold the value of the currency stable. Monetary and fiscal policies will also have to be directed to keeping the rate constant.

Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE)
Established in 1886, the Johannesburg Securities Exchange is the only stock exchange in South Africa. Gold and mining stocks form the majority of shares listed. The discovery of the Witwatersrand goldfields in 1886 and the subsequent formation of mining and financial companies, meant investors needed a facility through which to buy and sell shares. Benjamin Woollan provided that facility when he founded the JSE in November 1887. The JSE was admitted as a member of the Federation Internatio ...

Term structure of interest rates
The relationship between interest rates and their maturities.

Multiple rates of return
More than one rate of return from the same project that make the net present value of the project equal to zero. This situation arises when the IRR method is used for a project in which negative cash flows follow positive cash flows. For each sign change in the cash flows, there is a rate of return.

Cross rates
The exchange rate between two currencies expressed as the ratio of two foreign exchange rates that are both expressed in terms of a third currency.