Before-tax profit margin

Similar financial terms

Gross profit
The profit remaning after direct costs are subtracted from sales, but before any expenses are deducted.

After-tax profit margin
The ratio of net income to net sales.

Risk-adjusted profitability
A probability used to determine a "sure" expected value (sometimes called a certainty equivalent) that would be equivalent to the actual risky expected value.

Profitability ratios
Ratios that focus on the profitability of the firm. Profit margins measure performance with relation to sales. Rate of return ratios measure performance relative to some measure of size of the investment.

Profitability index
The present value of the future cash flows divided by the initial investment. Also called the benefit-cost ratio.

Profit margin
Indicator of profitability. The ratio of earnings available to stockholders to net sales. Determined by dividing net income by revenue for the same 12-month period. Result is shown as a percentage.

Operating profit margin
The ratio of operating margin to net sales.

Net profit margin
Net income divided by sales; the amount of each sales dollar left over after all expenses have been paid.

Book profit
The cumulative book income plus any gain or loss on disposition of the assets on termination of the SAT.

Profit and Loss Account
An accounting statement that shows a company's trading position over a given period of time - usually the financial year. This statement details the sales revenue and business expenditure over the period. In the account, the cost of sales is deducted from the sales income to provide a gross profit. From this, other items of expenditure, such as salaries, rent, rates and other itemised costs are deducted to show a net profit (or loss). In US and under IFRS known as the Income Statement.

Variation margin
The variation margin is an extra margin required to bring the balance in a margin account up to the initial margin when there is a margin call.

Gross margin
The percentage of gross profit (sales minus direct costs) to sales, which should remain fairly consistent when sales rise or fall.

Original margin
The margin needed to cover a specific new position.

Net operating margin
The ratio of net operating income to net sales.

Marginal tax rate
The tax rate that would have to be paid on any additional dollars of taxable income earned.

Marginal
Incremental.

Margin requirement (Options)
The amount of cash an uncovered (naked) option writer is required to deposit and maintain to cover his daily position valuation and reasonably foreseeable intra-day price changes.

Margin of safety
With respect to working capital management, the difference between (a) the amount of longterm financing, and (b) the sum of fixed assets and the permanent component of current assets.

Margin call
A demand for additional funds because of adverse price movement. Maintenance margin requirement, security deposit maintenance

Margin account (Stocks)
A leverageable account in which stocks can be purchased for a combination of cash and a loan. The loan in the margin account is collateralized by the stock and, if the value of the stock drops sufficiently, the owner will be asked to either put in more cash, or sell a portion of the stock. Margin rules are federally regulated, but margin requirements and interest may vary among broker/dealers.

Margin
This allows investors to buy securities by borrowing money from a broker. The margin is the difference between the market value of a stock and the loan a broker makes.

Maintenance margin requirement
A sum, usually smaller than -but part of the original margin, which must be maintained on deposit at all times. If a customer's equity in any futures position drops to, or under, the maintenance margin level, the broker must issue a margin call for the amount at money required to restore the customer's equity in the account to the original margin level.

Buy on margin
A transaction in which an investor borrows to buy additional shares, using the shares themselves as collateral.

Contribution margin
The difference between variable revenue and variable cost.

Net interest margin (NIM)
The difference between interest income and interest expense as a percentage of assets.

Equitize a Margin Call
An event whereby a previously unsatisfied margin call is eliminated by an effective transfer of ownership. In 1998, Long Term Capital Management transfered a portion of ownership to its creditors. In some respects, it was a debt for equity swap.

Variation Margin
Payment made on a daily or intraday basis by a clearing member to the clearing organization based on adverse price movement in positions carried by the clearing member, calculated separately for customer and proprietary positions.