M&A: Mergers and Acquisitions

Macaroni defense: The macaroni defense is a tactic used by a corporation that is the tar ...

Macaulay duration: The weighted-average term to maturity of the cash flows from the bond, ...

Macroeconomics: The subdivision of the discipline of economics that studies and strive ...

MAD: Moroccan Dirham from Morocco. Also used in Western Sahara.

Madrid Stock Exchange (Bolsa de Madrid): The largest of Spain's four stock exchange.

Magic of diversification: The effective reduction of risk (variance) of a portfolio, achieved wi ...

Mail float: Refers to the part of the collection and disbursement process where ch ...

Maintenance margin requirement: A sum, usually smaller than -but part of the original margin, which mu ...

Majority voting: Voting system under which each director is voted upon separately.

Make a market: A dealer is said to make a market when he quotes bid and offered price ...

Making delivery: Refers to the seller's actually turning over to the buyer the asset ag ...

Malcolm Balridge National Quality Award (MBNQA): The Award is named for Malcolm Balridge, who served as Secretary of Co ...

Managed float: Also known as "dirty" float, this is a system of floating exchange rat ...

Management BuyIn (MBI): This is when a small group of shareholders organise a take-over of a c ...

Management buyout (MBO): Leveraged buyout whereby the acquiring group is led by the firm's man ...

Management fee: An investment advisory fee charged by the financial advisor to a fund ...

Management/closely held shares: Percentage of shares held by persons closely related to a company, as ...

Managerial decisions: Decisions concerning the operation of the firm, such as the choice of ...

Mandatory redemption schedule: Schedule according to which sinking fund payments must be made.



Mangement's discussion: A report from management to the shareholders that accompanies the firm ...

Manufactured housing securities (MHSs): Loans on manufactured homes - that is, factory-built or prefabricated ...

Margin: This allows investors to buy securities by borrowing money from a brok ...

Margin account (Stocks): A leverageable account in which stocks can be purchased for a combinat ...

Margin call: A demand for additional funds because of adverse price movement. Maint ...

Margin of safety: With respect to working capital management, the difference between (a) ...

Margin requirement (Options): The amount of cash an uncovered (naked) option writer is required to ...

Marginal: Incremental.

Marginal tax rate: The tax rate that would have to be paid on any additional dollars of t ...

Mark: Person who is the object of a deceptive business practice.

Mark-to-market: The practice of revaluing an instrument ot reflect the current values ...

Marked-to-market: An arrangement whereby the profits or losses on a futures contract are ...

Market capitalization: The total dollar value of all outstanding shares. Computed as shares t ...

Market capitalization rate: Expected return on a security. The market-consensus estimate of the ap ...

Market clearing: Total demand for loans by borrowers equals total supply of loans from ...

Market Close: The term market close refers to the time of day that a market closes. ...

Market conversion price: Also called conversion parity price, the price that an investor effect ...

Market cycle: The period between the 2 latest highs or lows of the S&P 500, showing ...

Market impact costs: Also called price impact costs, the result of a bid/ask spread and a d ...

Market Index Deposits (MIDs): Bank certificates of deposit or deposit notes with a return linked to ...



Market Mix: The description of the four P's of marketing - i.e. Price, Place (Dist ...

Market model: This relationship is sometimes called the single-index model. The mark ...

Market order: This is an order to immediately buy or sell a security at the current ...

Market overhang: The theory that in certain situations, institutions wish to sell their ...

Market portfolio: A portfolio consisting of all assets available to investors, with each ...

Market price of risk: A measure of the extra return, or risk premium, that investors demand ...

Market prices: The amount of money that a willing buyer pays to acquire something fro ...

Market return: The return on the market portfolio.

Market risk: Risk that cannot be diversified away.

Market sectors: The classifications of bonds by issuer characteristics, such as state ...

Market segmentation or preferred habitat theory: A biased expectations theory that asserts that the shape of the yield ...

Market timer: A money manager who assumes he or she can forecast when the stock mark ...

Market timing: Asset allocation in which the investment in the market is increased if ...

Market timing costs: Costs that arise from price movement of the stock during the time of t ...

Market value: (a) The price at which a security is trading and could presumably be p ...

Market value ratios: Ratios that relate the market price of the firm's common stock to sele ...

Market value-weighted index: An index of a group of securities computed by calculating a weighted a ...

Market-if-touched (MIT): A price order, below market if a buy or above market if a sell, that a ...

Market-to-Book: Compares a stock's market value to the value of total assets less tota ...

Marketability: A negotiable security is said to have good marketability if there is a ...



Marketed claims: Claims that can be bought and sold in financial markets, such as those ...

Marketed Deal: An arrangement in a public share distribution whereby the price at whi ...

Marketplace price efficiency: The degree to which the prices of assets reflect the available marketp ...

Markowitz diversification: A strategy that seeks to combine assets a portfolio with returns that ...

Markowitz efficient frontier: The graphical depiction of the Markowitz efficient set of portfolios ...

Markowitz efficient portfolio: Also called a mean-variance efficient portfolio, a portfolio that has ...

Markowitz efficient set of portfolios: The collection of all efficient portfolios, graphically referred to as ...

Master limited partnership (MLP): A publicly traded limited partnership.

Matador bonds: Foreign bonds issued in Spain.

Match fund: A bank is said to match fund a loan or other asset when it does so by ...

Matched book: A bank runs a matched book when the distribution of maturities of its ...

Matching concept: The accounting principle that requires the recognition of all costs th ...

Materials requirement planning: Computer-based systems that plan backward from the production schedule ...

Mathematical programming: An operations research technique that solves problems in which an opti ...

Mature: To cease to exist; to expire.

Maturity: For a bond, the date on which the principal is required to be repaid. ...

Maturity factoring: Factoring arrangement that provides collection and insurance of accoun ...

Maturity phase: A phase of company development in which earnings continue to grow at t ...

Maturity spread: The spread between any two maturity sectors of the bond market.

Mavera Injunction: A court injunction preventing the trustee for a trust from transferrin ...

Maximum price fluctuation: The maximum amount the contract price can change, up or down, during o ...

MBA: Master of Business Administration. Degree awarded by business schools. ...

MBS Depository: A book-entry depository for GNMA securities. The depository was initia ...

MBS servicing: The requirement that the mortgage servicer maintain payment of the ful ...

McCarthyism: Character assassination. Joseph McCarthy was a Senator from Wisconsin ...

McJob: A low-paying position in service companies. One survey predicted that ...

MDL: Moldavian Leu from the Republic of Moldova.

Mean: The expected value of a random variable.

Mean of the sample: The arithmetic average; that is, the sum of the observations divided b ...

Mean-variance analysis: Evaluation of risky prospects based on the expected value and variance ...

Mean-variance criterion: The selection of portfolios based on the means and variances of their ...

Measurement error: Errors in measuring an explanatory variable in a regression that leads ...

Medium-term note (MTN): A corporate debt instrument that is continuously offered to investors ...

Medium-term or intermediate-term bonds: Bonds with a maturity of between five and twelve years.

Membership or a seat on the exchange: A limited number of exchange positions that enable the holder to trad ...

Merchandise: All movable goods such as cars, textiles, appliances, etc. and 'f.o.b. ...

Merchant bank: A British term for a bank that specializes not in lending out its own ...

Merger: Refers to negotiations between friendly parties who arrive at a mutual ...

MGF: Malagasy Franc from Madagascar.

Microeconomics: The subdivision of the discipline of economics that studies the behavi ...

Middle East dollar market: A Middle East dollar market exists in Bahrain where eurodollars and ot ...

Mimic: An imitation that sends a false signal.

Minimum price fluctuation: Smallest increment of price movement possible in trading a given contr ...

Minimum purchases: For mutual funds, the amount required to open a new account (Minimum I ...

Minimum-variance frontier: Graph of the lowest possible portfolio variance that is attainable for ...

Minimum-variance portfolio: The portfolio of risky assets with lowest variance.

Minority interest: An outside ownership interest in a subsidiary that is consolidated wit ...

MIP: Maximum Investment Plan

MIRAS: Mortgage Interest Relief at Source

Mismatch bond: Floating rate note whose interest rate is reset at more frequent inter ...

Mission-critical: Meaning "critical to the functioning or success of a business or pr ...

MKD: Macedonian Dinar from the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.

MLF: Malian Franc from Mali.

MMK: Kyat from Myanmar (formerly known as Burma).

MNC: Multi-National Corporation

MNT: Tugrik from Mongolia.

Modeling: The process of creating a depiction of reality, such as a graph, pictu ...

Modern portfolio theory: Principles underlying the analysis and evaluation of rational portfoli ...

Modified duration: The ratio of Macaulay duration to (1 + y), where y = the bond yield. M ...

Modified pass-throughs: Agency pass-throughs that guarantee (a) timely interest payments and ( ...

Modigliani and Miller Proposition I: A proposition by Modigliani and Miller which states that a firm cannot ...

Modigliani and Miller Proposition II: A proposition by Modigliani and Miller which states that the cost of ...

Momentum: In technical analysis, the relative change in price over a specific ti ...

Mommy track: Damaging, dead end career status often afforded people with family res ...

Monetary / non-monetary method: Under this translation method, monetary items (e.g. cash, accounts pa ...

Monetary gold: Gold held by governmental authorities as a financial asset.

Monetary neutrality: A proposition that in the long run, a percentage rise in the money sup ...

Monetary policy: Actions taken by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System ...

Money base: Composed of currency and coins outside the banking system plus liabili ...

Money center banks: Banks that raise most of their funds from the domestic and internation ...

Money market: Money markets are for borrowing and lending money for three years or l ...

Money market demand account: An account that pays interest based on short-term interest rates.

Money market fund: A mutual fund that invests only in short term securities, such as bank ...

Money market hedge: The use of borrowing and lending transactions in foreign currencies to ...

Money market notes: Publicly traded issues that may be collateralized by mortgages and MBS ...

Money purchase plan: A defined benefit contribution plan in which the participant contribut ...

Money rate of return: Annual money return as a percentage of asset value.

Money supply: M1-A: Currency plus demand deposits M1-B: M1-A plus other checkab ...

Monitor: To seek information about an agent's behavior; a device that provides ...

Monopsony: Literally, single buyer. A situation in which a single firm or individ ...

Monte Carlo simulation: An analytical technique for solving a problem by performing a large nu ...

Monthly income preferred security (MIP): Preferred stock issued by a subsidiary located in a tax haven. The su ...

Montreal Stock Exchange (MSE): One of the four major stock exchanges in Canada.

MOP: Pataca from Macao (also spelled Macau).

Moral hazard: The risk that the existence of a contract will change the behavior of ...

Mortality tables: Tables of probability that individuals of various ages will die within ...

Mortgage: A loan secured by the collateral of some specified real estate propert ...

Mortgage bond: A bond in which the issuer has granted the bondholders a lien against ...

Mortgage duration: A modification of standard duration to account for the impact on durat ...

Mortgage pass-through security: Also called a passthrough, a security created when one or more mortgag ...

Mortgage pipeline: The period from the taking of applications from prospective mortgage b ...

Mortgage rate: The interest rate on a mortgage loan.

Mortgage sector: Securities backed by mortgage loans. These are loans obtained by borro ...

Mortgage-backed securities (MBS): Securities backed by a pool of mortgage loans.

Mortgage-Backed Securities Clearing Corporation: A wholly owned subsidiary of the Midwest Stock Exchange that operates ...

Mortgage-pipeline risk: The risk associated with taking applications from prospective mortgage ...

Mortgagee: The lender of a loan secured by property.

Mortgager: The borrower of a loan secured by property.

Most distant futures contract: When several futures contracts are considered, the contract settling l ...

Moving average: The moving averages is one of the oldest and most popular of technical ...

MRO: Ouguiya from Mauritania. Also used in Western Sahara.

MSc: Master of Science. Degree awarded by postgraduate departments / busine ...

MTL: Maltese Lira from Malta.

MTP: Maltese Pound, replaced by the Maltese Lira (MTL).

Multi-option financing facility: A syndicated confirmed credit line with attached options.

Multicolinearity: One variable is the expression of the other

Multicurrency clause: Such a clause on a Euro loan permits the borrower to switch from one c ...

Multicurrency loans: Give the borrower the possibility of drawing a loan in different curre ...

Multifactor CAPM: A version of the capital asset pricing model derived by Merton that in ...

Multifamily loans: Loans usually represented by conventional mortgages on multi-family re ...

Multinational corporation: A firm that operates in more than one country.

Multiperiod immunization: A portfolio strategy in which a portfolio is created that will be capa ...

Multiple rates of return: More than one rate of return from the same project that make the net p ...

Multiple regression: The estimated relationship between a dependent variable and more than ...

Multiple-discriminant analysis (MDA): Statistical technique for distinguishing between two groups on the ba ...

Multiple-issuer pools: Under the GNMA-II program, pools formed through the aggregation of ind ...

Multiples: Another name for price/earnings ratios.

Multirule system: A technical trading strategy that combines mechanical rules, such as t ...

Municipal bond: State or local governments offer muni bonds or municipals, as they are ...

Municipal notes: Short-term notes issued by municipalities in anticipation of tax recei ...

MUR: Mauritius Rupee from Mauritius.

Mutual fund: Mutual funds are pools of money that are managed by an investment comp ...

Mutual Fund Switching Privileges: Allow an investor to switch out of and into a different fund(s) within ...

Mutual fund theorem: A result associated with the CAPM, asserting that investors will choos ...

Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty (MLAT): An agreement among the U.S. and many Caribbean countries for the excha ...

Mutual offset: A system, such as the arrangement between the CME and SIMEX, which all ...

Mutually exclusive investment decisions: Investment decisions in which the acceptance of a project precludes t ...

MVA: Market Value Added (MVA) = market value - invested capital. M ...

MVR: Rufiyaa from Maldives.

MWK: Malawian Kwacha from Malawi.

MXN: Mexican New Peso (replacement for Mexican Peso) from Mexico.

MXP: Mexican Peso (replaced by Mexican New Peso (MXN))

MYR: Ringgit (also known as Malaysian Dollar) from Malaysia.

MZM: Metical from Mozambique.

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Affirmative covenant

A bond covenant that specifies certain actions the firm must take.


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